Features of the washing machine pump

The device of the pump of an automatic washing machine and the features of its work are known by far not every man in the street, and this, moreover, that the pump is one of the most important elements of the entire washing mechanism. Let's try to figure out what the pump consists of, what are its varieties, the main differences in operation and maintenance.

The principle of operation of the pump and washing machine

In modern automatic washing machines water flows by gravity, that is, under the pressure of water from the tap, to which the equipment is connected. Based on the program settings chosen at the discretion of the user, a magnetic valve that allows water to pass through is opened in order to let in the required amount of liquid into the working chamber.

The water level in the washing “drum” is controlled by a special sensor that has the name “pressostat».

Passing through the containers for detergents, water is mixed with them, and gets into washing drumwhere is in the process of the entire wash. When the wash is completed, the “waste” fluid enters the pump through a special hose. When the appropriate system signal arrives, the pump starts pumping dirty water from the tank into drain hose and further into the sewer hole until the moment when the water in the drum is completely finished. The same thing happens during the rinsing process, but without the participation of washing powder and other detergents. The spinning process also takes place with the direct participation of the pump.

Pump device

Washing machine pump - this is, in most cases, asynchronous motor low power, equipped with a magnetic rotor rotating at a speed of no more than 3,000 thousand revolutions per minute. Drain pumps have differences between themselves in the form of "snail" and an integrated filter in them, trapping garbage and foreign medium-sized objects in the waste water.

Dear modern SMA have two types of pumps:

• drain;
• circulating.

The first (drain) are responsible for pumping water after washing from the working capacity, the second - for the circulation of water in the process of rinsing and washing. Less expensive washing machines are exclusively equipped drain pumps.

According to its design, the rotor of the drain pump resembles a magnet of a cylindrical design.

In turn, the blades fixed on the rotor axis are turned towards it at an angle of 180 degrees. During the launch of the drainage device, the rotor first comes into operation, after which the blades begin to rotate.

The motor core itself has two windings connected to each other. Their total resistance is 200 ohms. If we talk about low-power washing machine engines, the external fitting is always in the middle of the case. It is equipped with rubber check valves that prevent liquids from entering the CMA tank from the drain pipe. Under the pressure of water from the mains, this valve opens, but when the pressure stops, it closes back.

Drain pumps of a different type only allow water to flow in one given direction.

In such devices, water is used to prevent water from flowing. sealing cuffs. This is to ensure that water does not fall into the bearing.The rotor shaft in a similar mechanism passes through the main lip sleeve, equipped with corrugations on both sides and crimp from a special spring ring. Before the cuff is installed in the appropriate sleeve, it is necessarily treated with a special lubricant so that a sufficiently thick layer of substance forms on its surface. This significantly increases the life of the element.

Operating rules

With proper care, the pump for the SMA serves average 9-11 years. To this period is not reduced, you must:

• provide sufficient water purity (you must ensure that there are no foreign objects in the pockets of laundry, and also to remove pieces of dried dirt before washing);
• keep an eye on filter health;
• prevent scaling (for this it is recommended to use special water additives);
• completely empty the tank at the end of the wash (wait until the water from the working tank is pumped to 100%).

It should be noted that if the pump still breaks, it is never repaired, but replaced with a new device. And this should be done only by a qualified specialist.