Chainsaw operating rules

The chiansaw is intended for carrying out various works with wood. With it, you can cut trees of different diameters and cut them into boards or bars. In addition, this tool is used for figure carving wood. In order to properly use a chainsaw, you need to familiarize yourself with the technology of various works and safety regulations, the neglect of which leads to very disastrous consequences.

Safety when felling trees

A swath of trees is enough traumatic process, because at the slightest mistake, the trunk of the cut tree, having a huge mass, can fall upon a person working with a chainsaw. Therefore, it is not enough just to have this unit and the desire to cut down a tree. Before you start working with a chainsaw, you should know the basic rules for working with this tool. So, safety precautions for felling contain the following items, which are prohibited to ignore.

1. The operator of the chainsaw must be in a sober state, that is, not be under the influence of alcohol or narcotic substances.
2. Before you start, you need to check technical condition of the chainsaw: sharpening and chain tension; tire health (no deformation); serviceability of the chain lubrication system; serviceability of the saw chain brake; correct carburetor adjustment.
3. When the engine is running, it is forbidden to touch the cutting part of the chainsaw (tire and saw chain) with your hands. If you want to do something with the headset, turn off the engine first.
4. Nessesary to use eye protection: safety glasses or visor.
   
5. Since a chainsaw is a very noisy tool, it is recommended that earplugs be inserted into your ears noise protection headphones.
6. You should wear a hard hat on your head, since there is a high risk of falling large branches while felling trees.
   

7. Shoes must be selected according to the following principle: it must be made of durable material (coarse leather); on the sole should be deep protectors that effectively prevent slipping; The nose of the shoe must be protected by a metal plate that will protect against injury in case of an open circuit and hitting it in the leg.
8. Clothing material must have high strength, be tight and fit the body well. This significantly reduces the risk of the clothes being caught by the saw and winding it on the tool.
9. It is not recommended to start felling alone.
10. Always hold the chainsaw when working two hands.
11. Never fill the unit with the fuel mixture while being indoors. You also can not do this when the engine is running. Always tighten the fuel filler cap well.
12. To transport the chainsaw in working (assembled) state is possible only with a case clad on the cutting part of the unit.

How to cut down a tree chainsaw

When cutting trees with a chainsaw, it is necessary to select the blade correctly: it should correspond to the thickness and type of wood. For example, if you want to cut thin trees, then use heavy and powerful units does not make sense. After all, they have a high consumption of fuel mixture and lubricant, and it is much harder to work with them. It is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

• for barrels with a diameter of 600 mm and more, a heavy canvas (650 mm) should be used;
• for trunks of average diameter of 300-600 mm - canvas of medium size 350-650 mm;
• The roll of thin stems (up to 300 mm) can be carried out with a web up to 350 mm.

If you are to work with hardwood (oak, beech, cherry, apple, pear, etc.), it is better to use medium canvases for thin trunks, and heavy ones for trunks with a diameter of 300-600 mm and more.

Preparation stage

Chainsaw tree felling will be difficult and sometimes dangerous without the preparation stage.

1. Make sure that there are no people, animals, buildings or other trees in the place of the alleged fall of the tree.
2. It takes very carefully to prepare for felling trees near water. If the sawed object falls into the water, then it will be necessary to put a lot of effort, including with the use of technology, to get it and cut it.
3. If it is required to lay a tree to be cut at a certain place, then a cable can be tied to the top of the trunk or to its middle,and using a winch or other mechanism to force it in the right direction.
4. Before cutting a tree, take care of escape routesif an unforeseen situation arises (if possible, remove all obstacles that may prevent you from leaving the danger zone).
5. Provide access to the sawed and split transport tree for loading and unloading.
6. If you have to large tree felling, you must first eliminate the possibility of falling large branches in the process. It is recommended to rent a lift or use the services of industrial climbers to cut off troubled branches.

Rules felling tree

In amateur practice, it is allowed to cut trees using single-cut propyl only in the case when a roll of low plants with a diameter of not more than 150 mm is to be cut.. But to cut thick trees is required, observing the standard technology.

1. The very first, top cut should be done from the side of the plant into which it should fall as a result. It is made at an angle of 45 °, with a recess of ¼ barrel diameter. Second, bottom cut held horizontally, until the undercuts dock.
2. The third file is called felling and is the most responsible. It is performed on the opposite side of the previously made wedge-shaped notch, parallel to the second file (see figure below), but 5 cm above. Also, using the technology, the felling should not be finished until the end, that is, until the wedge-shaped cut. It is necessary to stop, not finishing about 1/10 of the thickness of the trunk, so that the remaining whole part fulfills the role of a certain hinge.
3. So that the saw does not jam in the cut, you must use wooden wedges. Metal wedges can not be used, because you can damage the chain, if the saw gives the return stroke.
4. When performing felling sawed, carefully watch the trunk vertical. A sudden gust of wind can make adjustments, and to cut down a tree as you planned, will not work.
5. After felled sawing, before the beginning of the fall of the plant, it should be quickly, without fuss, remove tire chainsaws and move away to a safe distance. To be near the tree at this moment is extremely unsafe, since the lower part of the trunk can jump up to a height of about 1.5 meters when falling.

If the rule of underfill is ignored and the guide and felling cut is incorrectly positioned, then it will be impossible to predict the direction of the fall of the tree.

After the plant has managed to fall in the right direction, you should cut all the branches on his trunk. For convenience, you need to put a flat piece of wood with a height of 100-150 mm under the barrel. If you do not do this, then there is a high probability that you will catch the ground with a saw. When the tool gets into the ground, where there is always sand, the latter falls on the tire, namely in the groove through which the chain slides. As a result of the impact of abrasive particles, not only the chain shanks, but also the entire tire, quickly begin to wear out. Therefore, the question that builders often ask is whether it is possible to cut foam blocks with a chainsaw is inappropriate.

How to cut a log

The next stage after the felling of the tree - its sawing. It is required to carry out it, following certain rules and according to the scheme.

Board sawing

As it is easy to guess, the boards are obtained with the longitudinal dissolution of the log. As longitudinal sawing is required, the saw chain must also be of the appropriate type. To ensure that the dissolution of the trunk on the boards was accurate, a special Big Mill log sawing tool is used, shown in the following figure.

With it you can sawing logs diameter up to 500 mm. The thickness of the resulting board is set on a special ruler applied on the racks of the fixture. It can be purchased already in finished form, or you can do it yourself by looking at it. video.

To dissolve a log on boards of equal thickness, do the following.

1. Take 2 flat boards and connect them at a 90 degree angle to make a T-shaped construction, as shown in the following photo. She will be serve as a ruler and allow the chainsaw to move smoothly. The boards are twisted according to the size of the device for the longitudinal cut so that the saw does not touch the ruler and runs 10 mm above it.
   
2. Make 2 L-shaped parts that will be serve as stopspreventing the rotation of the log. Boards can be connected with metal corners.
3. Roll the log on the previously prepared stands (you can use logs of small diameter). Of course, if the diameter of the log is large, then it alone will not be able to do.
4. Screw L-shaped supports to both ends of the logs using long screws. It is not recommended to use nails, because after the first longitudinal cutting it is necessary to re-adjust the entire structure.
5. The T-shaped ruler is attached to the stops using clamps.
6. The chain saw is equipped with a chain saw with a fixture previously attached to it.
7. On the device, set the thickness of the board that you want to get at the exit. It is necessary to take into account the thickness of the saw and a gap of 10 mm between the blade and the ruler.
8. Turn the log on 30push. Inclined sawing process will be more convenient.
9. The next step is to cut the log along.
10. Disconnect the ruler, unwinding the clamp, unscrew the stops from the ends of the log.
11. Put the T-shaped ruler on the resulting plane after the cut. Fasten the guide with self-tapping screws.
12. Fixing the log so that it does not roll, do the second longitudinal cut. It will be perpendicular to the first plane. If you make the third and fourth cuts in this way, each time turning the log and setting the ruler, you can saw off the square bar (beam) exactly.
13. If you want to cut logs on boardsthen after the second longitudinal cut, the ruler retracts and only the fixture is used. In this case, one of the planes will serve as a guide, and you will get a half-edged board at the exit.

Cross-cutting logs

For cutting logs across the fibers, a saw chain for cross cutting must be installed on the unit. Mostly cross cut is used for sawing wood. It turns out small cylinders, which further split into firewood. To make it convenient to cut firewood, a log is placed on goats 600-800 mm high.

In the same way is carried out and trimming timber.

Log sawing scheme

Below is a diagram that shows how to properly dissolve a log on boards and parallel bars.

This operation can be performed in several ways.

1. Cutting a square bar occurs from the core of the log.
2. To get 2 rectangular bars, a square bar is sawn into 2 parts.
3. Cutting the log crosswise, you can get 4 beams.
4. This type of sawing is called “crashing” and is used on sawmill frames. All boards are obtained unedged.
5. With this type of cutting logs, you can get a double side timber, as well as several unedged boards and a pair of croakers.
6. Difficult in its execution radial sawing. A characteristic feature of the boards with such sawing - vertical rings.
7. Dvuhkantny timber dissolved on edged boards and 2 wane.
8. For boards with a horizontal arrangement of annual rings, the face side is the one that is turned towards the center of the log (core), and the back side is turned towards sapwood (this is the name of the periphery of the trunk).

What is carving

The word “carving” came into our language from English and means “carving”. So called curly woodcarving chainsaw. This art of skillful possession of the instrument begins to gain popularity in our country. For carving, the usual ones are used. light chainsawsFor example, such as Husqvarna 135.

Chainsaw Husqvarna 135

The chainsaw has small dimensions, develops the necessary power, has a weight of 4.4 kg and facilitated engine start. The tire should be set to medium size, about 14 inches. The chain is selected in 3/8 inch increments. It is recommended to immediately purchase special chains. For example, the STIHL Carving Rapid Micro Spezial (RMS) chain has a inch pitch, short teeth, and is designed specifically for curly sawing on wood. Saw Husqvarna 135 is well suited for novice carving painters.

Also well-proven among the chainsaw masters Husqvarna 450e II, shown in the following photo.

Chainsaw Husqvarna 450e II

As you gain experience, you can use more powerful units.

Sculptures made of wood using chainsaws are very widely used in recreation parks, on city streets, near cafes, restaurants and other public places, and always attract genuine attention of passersby.

For example, having seen such a product in a park, few people pass it by indifferently.

The fantasy and mastery of professional carving artists sometimes causes surprise and admiration.

To achieve such results, you need to make great efforts, it will take years of practice to hone skills. After all, even having tried to make a simple product with your own hands, you will immediately realize that woodcarving a chainsaw is not an easy process. But if you are filled with the desire to learn this art, then, of course, you will be able to realize all your plans and decorate your site with unparalleled products.

What can be done by novice carving masters

If you want to try your hand at chainsaw woodcarving, then you should first choose some simple figure, for example, to cut out mushroom or cube

Take seriously the choice of wood.If it is wet, the finished product will crack after drying, and the result of your work will be spoiled.

So, at the beginning it is necessary to make a chain saw from a tree, that is, to give the product a general outline. At this stage, special accuracy is not needed. It is only important not to remove too much. Keep an object or sample in front of you to more accurately represent the proportions of the finished sculpture.

Next, you will have to master the skills threading butt tires. In this case, the chain must be well (correctly) taut, otherwise you will be disturbed by a strong vibration.

Finished wooden sculptures are sanded with sandpaper and covered with a protective layer, paint or varnish. As you acquire skills, you can take on the manufacture of more complex shapes. The most popular among chainsaw carvers are crafts made from logs, namely, pillars depicting people or animals. They are installed vertically (buried in the ground). The photo below shows the process of making simple figures of a bear from a logthat is suitable for novice carving artists.

To create birds more experience and dexterity is required, since the processing of very small details of the sculpture (head,feathers, etc.).