The device and principle of operation of the instantaneous water heater

Comfort in everyday life is the basis of a normal human life, so without hot water, we are already uncomfortable. Repairs of heating mains in the autumn-winter period and the following shutdowns of hot water supply for a week force water to heat on the stove. A modern solution to the problem is the installation of a flow-through water heater. This compact device will provide a family with hot water at any time of the day and in the required amount.

Species

Today, the domestic market of Russia has a very large selection of electric water heaters of various types and types with a different price range, while the build quality and individual parts can vary greatly. The electric flowing water heater for a long time enjoys deserved popularity amongusers of different regions of the Russian Federation due to easy operation. They are divided into two main types:

• pressure or closed type;
• free-flow - open type.

The first option is able to supply hot water immediately several points: washbasin, shower, kitchen, but for this you need to provide a fairly high pressure in the mains water pipe.

The second option functions normally at any pressure in the line with the connection directly directly to the water intake point.

Design and features

The device of a flowing water heater does not differ in special complexity. Here, a single scheme is used for all models: cold water passes through the body of the product, where the heating element gives it its heat. The user has just opened the tap - inside the device, an instantaneous relay is activated, which is responsible for pressure, for a few seconds the water heats up to the desired temperature (depending on the power of the heating element), which is set manually.

Inside the flow-through water heater is equipped special breakerwhich immediately turns off the power if the water temperature rises sharply and becomes much higher than the critical level.From possible pressure drops inside the pipeline, which can occur at any minute, the product is reliably protected built-in stabilizer.

Water heaters of this type have differences in the type of heater and control system.

Heater Types

As the main component of the design of all electrical appliances, the heater is usually produced in the form of a spiral or heater. In products with uninsulated helix it is placed in a special block of plastic tubes inside the case of a very strong plastic. When such a device is connected to the network, the spirals are heated, and the flowing water flow takes this heat. Due to the small volume of water in the tank and the small mass of the entire device, the residual heat dissipation does not occur after shutdown, therefore no scale is formed. Such products are used for heating water in swimming pools, in everyday life they should be used in regions with very hard water.

Closed TEN work on the same principle, heating the flow of water passing through them, but they have a spiral enclosed in a case of copper or brass, therefore, in the fire-fighting sense, they are much more reliable than the first option.

Control system

Flow type water heaters can be divided by type of control.

1. Hydraulic - this view is less accurate, it has 6 power levels, switching is done manually using a switch.
2. Electronic type - The thermostat controls the heating on its own, users only set the temperature acceptable for them. This type of control is considered very convenient.

When using the mechanical control option, a hydraulic unit with a diaphragm is located inside the product, which switches the device on or off depending on water pressure.

The disadvantage of this control is the fact that with a slight pressure in the water supply the heating element will not turn on.

The electronics control the entire process using a microprocessor, and special sensors help it to ensure any temperature, regardless of the head, it also sets the optimum power, significantly reducing the consumption of electrical energy.

Principle of operation

How does the instantaneous water heater work? A stream of water passes through a relatively small product, heating it to the desired temperature.TEN is used in standard type or as heating coil. In bulk devices, the first option is always used, and in miniature devices - the second one, because the heating element is simply nowhere to insert.

As soon as the faucet opens, the heating element turns on, the water flow heats up, with the valve closed, the power supply of the product is turned off. The principle of operation of the instantaneous water heater is based on the fact that the user-defined temperature of the water flow is gained in a short time, and then only with the help of heating elements is kept constant. Externally, an ordinary electric water heater of flow-through design looks like a plastic container of a small size, having a connection to the home water supply.

When a running electric water heater is used as a separate tap for hot water, the principle of its operation becomes even simpler: the flow of water is instantly heated by a powerful coil enclosed in a copper case.

Advantages and disadvantages

Today, many users, having tried storage water heaters, are inclined to purchase a flow-through option - this saves a lot of space, as they are all rather compact in size, and shortens the heating time many times.

For example, to warm about 10 liters of water, the cumulative option will take up to 25 minutes, and if it is 100 or more, then you will have to wait at least 5 hours. Flowing hot water instantly as soon as you turn on the tap and to the extent that you require.

Here are the points.

1. Simple operation - turned on, washed or washed the dishes and turned off.
2. Provide an unlimited amount of hot water for any needs - waiting for heating will take no more than 2 minutes.
3. No periodic maintenance by specialists.
4. Compact size, allowing the installation of the product even under the sink in the bathroom, so as not to disturb the established interior.
5. When a large amount of hot water is not required, such devices become quite economical (compared to the cumulative option).
6. Their initial price is lower than that of storage water heaters.
7. Water does not lose quality when heated, because it is consumed immediately. The possibility of reproduction of harmful bacteria is absent - if you wish, you can even drink it.

Minuses:

• this type of product is heated water not higher than 40⁰C;
• with high power products, energy consumption increases;
• when a large amount of water is required, the device works for a long time and the meter will wind up a decent flow rate;
• This type of product imposes special requirements on the home electrical network - the voltage must always be a constant value;
• instantaneous water heaters provide only one point of intake.

It is possible to purchase a flowing water heater to provide several points, but its cost will be much more expensive.

The conclusion is simple: water heaters of the above type are convenient for a family of two people, when the need for hot water is minimal, otherwise it is best to supply storage boiler with large volume, satisfying all economic needs.

Nuances of operation

Flow-type water heaters entice many consumers with the fact that they have no restrictions on the use of the volume of hot water, it is especially convenient to install it in the shower stall - take water treatments as much as you like.

Not everyone knows that the installation of such a device requires responsibility, because the product belongs to high-power devices, it requires the mandatory installation of a separate connection line. Installation of the line and connection of the product can only be carried out by specialists. If you install it yourself, you can de-energize not only your apartment, but also an apartment building.

In order for the instantaneous water heater to serve for a long time and not upset you with frequent breakdowns, you must strictly follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and pay attention to such points:

• installation of the product must be done near the place of use to reduce heat loss;
• if you have a very hard water in your area, install special protective filtersto keep internal parts free of scale;
• in no case do not install the product in an unheated cottage;
• in the bathroom, place the device in such a way that splashes cannot get onto the body;
• at low pressure use the product at an average temperature - otherwise the automation just will not turn on.

Before the first start carefully follow these steps.

1. Check the presence of water in the home plumbing and the level of its pressure - it should be sufficient. With a weak pressure will have to abandon the use of better times.
2. When the water flow is low, set the desired temperature using the buttons on the control panel.
3. After the shower is finished, the tap should be turned off, the product should be disconnected from the network.

Remember! In many models of instantaneous water heaters, the settings you make are saved, so the next time you turn it on, the device will display the water temperature you set.

Before you go to the store for a long-awaited purchase, check house wiring quality: old houses are designed only for 3 kW / h per apartment, so to connect you will have to change all the wiring to the distribution board. The users who live in new multi-storey buildings, and even with electric stoves, are lucky: here the apartment has a higher tolerance and starts from 10 kWh, but this does not mean that you can turn on several electric devices at the same time.

In conclusion, a few words about the domestic electric flow Etalon Copper water heater 350 combined type: faucet and shower hose with a nozzle. The weight of the construction is only 2 kg, dimensions - 240x160x95, power up to 3.5 kW, maximum temperature of the water flow heating - 65⁰C, productivity - 3,5 l / m.According to its characteristics, it is not inferior to foreign analogues and is inexpensive - 2440 rubles, and it will be much easier to find components in case of a replacement.