How to work with an electric saw

Electric saws, like any tool, require compliance with certain rules of work. Equipped with sharp cutting discs or blades, the saws connected to the power grid are unsafe tools. Improper handling can result in serious injury to the operator. Therefore, you should use the power saw with maximum caution, observing certain safety rules.

Safety when working with electric saws

Since this power tool is an equipment characterized by increased injuries, certain safety precautions must be observed when working with a saw.

General Safety Requirements

To work with electric circular saws should be allowed persons over 18instructed and practiced on working with these tools. Employees are strictly prohibited to smoke in the workplace. Also, staff should have an idea about the methods of fire extinguishing and first aid. First aid kit and fire extinguisher should be in easily accessible places. In case of poor health, the machine operator should refuse to perform work.

Safety requirements before starting work

At work there should be no foreign objects. All items should be removed from the unit’s work table (wrenches and adjusting keys), and all approaches to it should be released.The floor near the workplace must be non-slip, clean and dry to avoid accidentally dropping the operator on the working machine. The machine must be well grounded.

Clothing operator must be well buttoned and tucked in. You can not approach the machine with the developing ends of clothing. Long hair needs to be picked up and hidden under a headdress. The machine operator’s eyes should be protected with glasses, and the respiratory tract should be protected by a respirator or a usual medical mask (available at the pharmacy). It is also recommended to protect with special headphones and organs of hearing.

Before starting the saw, check:

• operability of the saw blade (if there are no broken incisors, dirt, quality of sharpening);
• the reliability of its attachment;
• correct installation of the riving knife and guide rail;
• the presence of a protective casing.

If a manual circular saw with a short electric cable is used, an extension cable will be needed so that the operator can move freely within the working area. A hand-held power saw must be equipped with a soft start system to eliminate the tool jerk at the start.

If the design of the unit is not provided, then you can connect a smooth start-up through an outdoor module, made by yourself or bought in China.

Safety rules at work

Before starting to cut with a circular saw, give the machine idle. If deviations in the operation of the unit are detected, it should be turned off and troubleshoot. In the process of cutting should follow the following rules.

1. When starting work, the machine operator should be to the left of the machine, near the left (front) corner of the desktop, so that if the part is accidentally ejected, it does not injure the operator.
2. Workpieces before sawing should be carefully inspected to eliminate the presence of nails, ice, dried mud or concrete that may fall on the cutting line.
3. Never pass any objects over the machine's rotating saw.
4. If the board has a crack or knots, then at the time of saw closer to these places it is necessary to slow down the feed of the workpiece.
5. Do not hold the workpiece with your hands close to the saw. For this there are special pushers.
6. Do not use a circular saw with the riving knife removed andprotective cover.
7. To change the disc on the circular saw, you must first completely de-energize the unit. Turning off his button will not be enough.

If a machine operator helps to take the board mate, he also has to follow the rules:

• board should be taken without skewing;
• the part can be removed from the table only after it has completely passed through the riving knife;
• after accepting a part, it should be put aside (by stacking in piles) and the workplace near the saw blade should be cleaned of cuttings using a long stick;
• do not pull the workpiece while sawing.
• the supply of the board to the saw should be only from the side of the machine operator, who controls the movement of the workpiece.

Rules for working with circular saws

Working with manual and stationary circular saws requires adherence to a specific sequence of actions, which we will consider below.

Manual models

If you have to work with a manual circular saw, then you first need to pick up a saw blade that corresponds to the upcoming type of work, to adjust the depth of sawing and tilt tooling. The depth of the saw blade is set according to the following principle: the tooth of the saw blade must protrude from the workpiece either half or completely.

To work should:

• secure the workpiece on the workbench with clamps (you can not hold the workpiece with your hands);
• position the tool on the workpiece so that the saw blade does not touch it;
• start the engine of the unit and wait until the equipment has reached full speed;
• firmly holding the machine in your hands, produce sawing, pressing the sole of the hand saw to the workpiece;
• after the end of sawing, you should make sure that the cover has returned to its original position, after which you need to turn off the machine.

Important! Never leave the unit disconnected from the network with the start button disabled. When you turn on the power saw in the network will start the engine, which can lead to injury to people in the vicinity.

Stationary models

To start working on a circular stationary machine, follow these steps.

1. Select the required diameter of the saw blade, which will correspond in its parameters to the material being processed, and install it on the shaft of the unit. It is necessary to check with a dial gauge or a conventional caliper distance from the disk to the table splines. It is necessary to check the distance at the beginning and end of the disk.The maximum discrepancy should not exceed 0.05 mm.
   

2. Adjust required disc overhang. It should not exceed the height of the cutting element above it.
3. Install parallel stop at the right distance from the saw blade. From this distance depends on the width (length) of the product, which is obtained after sawing the workpiece. It should also be strictly parallel to the grooves on the desktop (offset no more than 0.05 mm).
   

4. Install riving knife. It should be at a distance of about 5 mm from the incisors and be in line with the saw blade. It is easy to check with the ruler, placing it between the tool cutters.
   
5. Turn on the machine, wait for the engine to turn full, turn the workpiece along the parallel stop, then, pressing it against the table and the stop, cut it.

What you can do with electric circular saws

Electric circular saws make it possible to process wood and products based on it in various ways, which depend on the type of tool selected.

Types of work hand circular saw

A hand-held circular saw can perform the following types of work:

• produce facing of a set of blanks laid in one plane;

• butt wide boards using parallel stopwhich cannot be cut on a pendulum saw;

• trim boards when laying floors;

• face the workpiece at an angle, without and with the guide;

• produce longitudinal sawing of the workpiece at an angle;

• align the unedged board along the previously drawn line;

• choose a quarter in a board or bar;

• produce cutting sheet materials using guide rail;

• changing the equipment, circular saw, you can do cutting metal profiled sheets;

• cut plexiglass and various types of plastic;

• set the hand saw on the table and use it as a stationary circular.

Work on a circular machine

The work of a circular saw (stationary) is slightly different from the work of a manual unit. Using a circular machine, you can do the following:

• cut and face wide blanks, both straight cut and at an angle;

• produce longitudinal and transverse sawing of wooden shields;

• cut wood-based sheet materials;

• dismiss the board at an angle;

• saw unedged board.

Types of work as a miter saw

Miter saw can do the following:

• make facing of wood blanks at any angles relative to the edge;

• to produce the facing of the workpiece at an angle to its face;

• crosscut saw allows you to saw wider blanks;

How to exactly cut the board up and down

Due to the differences in the design of hand and stationary saws, the methods of sawing wood differ significantly.

Work on a circular machine

If you need to cut the board along the fibers, for example, uncut, then this is done as follows:

• spend on the workpiece using a straight line ruler;

• then, along this line with maximum accuracy, make the first cut to cut the bark;

• next, you should install parallel stop (guide) and dissolve the workpiece into smaller boards;

If the length of the circular table does not allow to dissolve long boards, then for these purposes a simple device can be made, as shown in the following figure.

With the help of this carriage it is possible to face the boards and bars both under a straight line and at any angle.

Cutting boards with a circular saw

Many owners of electric circular saws face the problem of facing the board along the line. At the very beginning of sawing, the line is visible, but then it is covered by the housing of the unit. Since the markup is not visible, the cut is uneven.

To saw off the board and get the perfect cut, you need to position the tool so that the saw blade is opposite the marking. On the other side of the unit to the board attach a square and slide it to the sole of the apparatus. Secure the square with a clamp. You will receive a guide installed at right angles. Face the board. As a result, you get a perfect cut at a 90 ° angle.

For the longitudinal cutting board apply guide rail. It can have longitudinal grooves in which the manual power saw is established. Also, a tire in the form of a simple long guide can be made independently.In the second case, one of the sides of the sole of the aggregate during sawing will follow a tire (ruler) attached to the workpiece. As a result, you get a smooth longitudinal cut.

The following figures show home-made guides, the width of which depends on the size of the sole of the handsaw.

Features of a saber saw

This unit is a versatile tool and besides, it is easy to use. Therefore it is allowed to work with a saber electric saw, not having special skills. With the help of a saber saw, you can perform the following types of work:

• dismantle old windows and door frames;

• cut unnecessary branches on the trees in the garden;

• cut wooden blanks lengthwise;

• cut metal profile and pipes - thanks flexible tooling, it is possible to cut pipes flush to the wall;

• cut metal rods and fittings;

• cut decorative elements in wooden blanks.

A reciprocating electric saw allows you to make a parallel cut, but it’s not worth talking about its quality when compared with circular saws. To make a long and straight cut with a saber power saw is quite difficult.

Before starting to work with a saber saw, check the reliability of fixing the tooling and thrust shoe. When working with this tool, follow these rules.

1. The workpiece intended for cutting or cutting must be securely fastened. Especially it concerns metal blanks.
2. The tool must be held with both hands.
3. The canvas is brought to the workpiece only when the unit is turned on. The canvas is removed from the material only after the engine is stopped.
4. For trimming pipes flush should be used long and flexible webs.
   
5. Do not work with curved canvas. If this happens, align it first.
6. When working with a saber saw, do not allow the blade to hit the ground, the wall and other obstacles.
7. In the process of sawing, the support shoe of the unit should be pressed tightly against the workpiece. This will eliminate vibration and shock.
8. It is necessary to properly select the length of the canvas. A sheet that is too long and protrudes beyond the limits of the workpiece will begin to vibrate and eventually bend.
9. In order not to scratch the surface of the workpiece with a support shoe, you should wear it heat insulation cut.

Metal cutting band saw

Band saws for wood are not used for cutting metal due to its flimsy design. In addition, their cutting speed is too high for this purpose. Therefore, there are special band saws for metal, both stationary and manual.

The band saw machine for metal is a high-power equipment that can cut both ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Also on these units it is possible to cut plastic blanks.

When cutting metal on a stationary machine, the workpiece is rigidly fixed on the working table of the unit to increase the accuracy of the cut. Also the machine is equipped water cooling systembecause the blade tends to heat up during the sawing process. Thanks to this system, the coolant is fed directly to the cut point. The manual band saw also has high power (about 710 W). It can be used both in manual mode and in stationary mode. The unit is complete quick clamping mechanism, allowing to secure the workpiece.

The following photo shows a clamped pipe clamping mechanism. In this case, the unit is used as a pendulum saw, but already a band saw.

The following photos show how the metal is cut by a band saw in manual mode.