Choosing a drill for home

A good drill should, in addition to making holes in the walls, have other functions that a home craftsman might need. There is a huge amount of power tools on sale, and it can be difficult for an ordinary person to decide how to choose a functional drill that meets all technical requirements.

Difference of a professional drill from household

Drills are intended for professional use only and household (amateur) - for use at home. A professional tool is more expensive, has a narrow scope of use, in contrast to the multifunctional - domestic. If you need to make a hole in the wall or in some material once in a while, then a simple type of drilling machine will cope well with this task. For this reason, it does not make sense to spend money on the “pro” class tool.

From the professional drill household differs in its versatility, as well as price-quality ratio. But only duration of work This tool is limited to 4 hours a day, with the need to give the unit a rest, as it heats up quickly. Recommended mode of operation of the device, in which after 15 minutes. He also has 15 minutes to cool down. It turns out that how many minutes the unit has worked, so much it should rest.

This mode of operation is explained by the fact that in the manufacture of household models low-power engines are used, and the rest of the mechanism parts are made of materials of not high strength.

To repair the domestic drilling machine with your own hands, it’s enough to go to the market and buy the necessary parts, which are available in sufficient quantities.

Varieties of household drills

Different types of drills (amateur) differ in design, despite their versatility. This is done so that the consumer can choose a tool for a particular type of work. Therefore, when choosing a drill, you should know for what purpose the device will be used.

Impact type apparatus

This machine with a speed regulator is also called a “drill with a perforator”, although this is too loud a name, since the perforator is a powerful enough tool, and if you look at the diagram of the percussion drill device, it has few similarities with the latter. Electric drill with percussion mechanism is used for drilling holes in hard materials (concrete, brick). The mechanism of the drilling apparatus is designed in such a way that, with the rotational movement of the cartridge, a pusher is also created. Such a function is called a shock, which, if necessary, can be turned off, and use a device for conventional drilling, for example, metal or wood.

In this unit there are no special parts, which are a feature of the perforator. Principle of operation the drum-type unit is simple, and if you look at the layout of its device, you can see that there are gear couplings inside, which, when connected, form a ratchet.When the ratchet rotates, the teeth jump off each other. Due to this, there is a reciprocating movement of the coupling connected to the axis. The principle of operation of the ratchet can be seen in the diagram below.

Choose a hammer drill should be if you are planning to drill on the brick. Work on concrete is allowed, but if you create a lot of effort (by pressing on the tool), the ratchet is quickly ground off, and the percussion mechanism becomes ineffective. Therefore, for such events, a household impact drill is recommended to be used in rare cases.

Angle Drilling Machine

This type of network driller is usually designed for drilling holes in tight or narrow places, in which the usual tool will not enter the height. Thanks to the built-in angular gearbox, it is possible to position the spindle perpendicular to the housing of the apparatus. The figure below shows an angled hammer drill from Dewalt (Devolt).

This Dewalt device does not have a percussion mechanism and is not very powerful. Therefore, before buying a corner device for drilling, you should knowthat there is an alternative to the Dewalt apparatus in the form special nozzle for a conventional apparatus, allowing to drill in hard to reach and narrow places.

Drill screwdriver

Drill with the function of the screwdriver can not only do holes, but also screw in screws, screws and screws, as well as twist them. Such a tool would be a great helper, for example, when assembling furniture or to hang a picture. But in order to make a hole in a material of high strength, the power of the apparatus may not be enough.

Drilling unit screwdriver has the following features:

• except that the unit two speeds, there is a possibility of smooth adjustment of the speed of rotation of the drill by the force of pressing the start button;
• it is possible to set the fastening force of fasteners;
• reverse rotation (rotation in the opposite direction);

The illustration shows a two-speed drill screwdriver.

Cordless Drilling Device

A cordless drill is a type of ordinary drill that is used mainly when you cannot connect to the mains, or just for convenience, if you are hampered by the presence of the power cord.

When choosing such a tool, first of all, you need to know what battery view used in it. If the battery is nickel-cadmium, then such a device is not suitable for home use, since this type of battery loses its performance due to infrequent use. For household purposes, a device with a lithium-ion or metal hydride battery is more suitable, since such batteries are less sensitive to long interruptions.

Typically, a cordless drill has 2 speeds: the first is used for the screwdriver and the second is for drilling. This device does not have a large capacity, is used for tightening (loosening) screws or used for drilling soft materials. Usually, there is enough speed for a drill if you use it when doing home repairs. The figure below shows a 2-speed screwdriver from Dewalt.

Pneumatic drilling device

The pneumatic drill is mainly used in production where there is a centralized supply of compressed air. This is a high-speed drill, and it is used on conveyors, as well as in places where it is required to eliminate sparking by safety rules. In this unit there is no rotor and stator, as well as other electrical elements, as in an electric drill. The device develops a high speed of rotation due to compressed air rotating the blades of the apparatus, and at the same time it does not heat up.

Magnetic drilling machine

Magnetic drill is a high-tech device that is used for drilling holes of various diameters, including large ones. The figure shows the apparatus on a magnetic cushion firm Dewalt.

The design of this device is such that it can be mounted, thanks to the electromagnetic component, on any metal surfaces, both horizontal and vertical. Magnetic-powered drill is widely used not only in industry, but also in the construction of buildings from metal structures.

For home use such an expensive device on a magnet is impractical to use.

Electroerosive Drilling Machine

To drill microscopic orifice, without the use of an EDM drill. For home use such a device does not make sense to purchase.It is used in the aircraft industry and space industry.

PCB Drill

For drilling small holes in electronics there is a drill for printed circuit boards.

Such a mini-drill is useful for a home craftsman who makes printed circuit boards with his own hands.

Tips for choosing

To choose the right drill for the home, you should consider the various parameters of the devices.

Power

The power of the device is the first parameter that should be considered before choosing an electric drill. In home appliances, it ranges from 500 to 900 watts. This power is sufficient if it is not a task to drill deep holes or to mix thick mortars (in case you started a repair). For such work you will need to buy a more “strong” unit. The power of the drill for a house of 600-700 watts will be quite enough.

Rotational speed

The speed of rotation of the shaft affects smoothness of hole walls. The higher the revolutions, the better the drilling will be. High speed drill will be useful when polishing and grinding. Also, when the machine is in punch mode,high spindle speed will play a good role. It should be borne in mind that at high speeds amateur devices warm quickly. If you want the drill to not heat up after switching on, stop the selection on a professional model.

But in order to tighten the screws, a large rotation speed is not needed. Therefore, you should choose for this purpose drill-screwdriver with adjustable speed.

Hole diameter

The maximum hole that can be drilled using a specific drilling unit is indicated in its instructions. Typically, the diameter is in the range of 0.6 cm to 10 mm. And for drilling holes of large diameter using a crown, for example, in chipboard, choose a device with a capacity of about 1 kW.

Type of cartridge

Drill holders are key and key. The latter is used in powerful devices, since they provide a reliable clamp drill with a toothed key.

Key cartridge

Keyless chuck is used, for example, if frequent replacement of drill bits or bits is required. This cartridge provides quick tool change and does not require the use of a key.

Keyless chuck

Speed ​​shifter

Drill should be with smooth adjustment of turns. This function was not in the old, Soviet model of a handheld electric drill. Smooth adjustment is achieved by the built-in rheostat. The harder you push the button, the faster the device cartridge rotates. To change the speed in steps, the device has a switch.

Button lock

This function is useful if the unit is attached to a specially adapted stand for using this “hybrid” as drilling machine. After pressing the start button, the fixing button is pressed, after which the finger can be released. After fixing the button, the device will continue its work.

In conclusion, we can say that for small drilling work at home, you can do by buying an ordinary household electric drill. But if you, due to the nature of your activity, will often have to use this tool, then you cannot do without professional equipment.